Essay Psychoanalytic Theory and the Defense Mechanisms

The introduction of the psychoanalytic theory into the field of psychology in the late 19th century and early 20th century by Sigmund Freud provided an innovative approach toward the examination and treatment of an individual’s behaviors. Through Freud’s definition of psychoanalysis, the idea that behaviors are not random, but rather full of significance, was encapsulated. In general terms Freud viewed psychoanalysis as an attribution of thoughts and actions to an individual’s unconscious motives and conflicts through the use of personality and therapeutic methods. Within this theory Freud developed an idea of an individual’s mind by analyzing it in comparison to an iceberg. Much like an iceberg, which contains various regions that are†¦show more content†¦Throughout childhood and adolescence the influence of authoritative figures plays a crucial role in the emergence of conscious ideals. The final division of the human mind, the ego, possesses a critical position in mediating between the demands and drives of the id with the constraints set in place by the superego in order to meet the demands of reality. An ego-driven person maintains the ability to understand themselves along with the outside world. This capability provides such individuals with an insight into methods of controlling their drives in a socially acceptable manner. The three divisions of the mind that Freud emphasizes play an essential role in the psychoanalysis theory. When examining an individual’s thoughts and actions through personality and therapeutic methods, the three divisions prove to be significant. Freud demonstrates this importance by recognizing that human personality ascends from a struggle between impulses and restraints. This acknowledgment portrays personality as an individual’s effort to resolve this struggle between the three divisions of the mind. Overall, Freud’s division of the human mind presents the field of psychology with a methodical technique with which to classify abnormal behaviors. When coping with abnormal behaviors or situations beyond an individual’s control, the utilization of defense mechanisms provide an effective release. Defense mechanisms serve as strategies that unconsciouslyShow MoreRelatedPsychoanalytic and Trait Approaches Personality Assessment Essay996 Words   |  4 PagesPsychoanalytic and Trait Approaches Personality Assessment PSY/250 Psychoanalytic and Trait Approaches Personality Assessment I have always attributed personality as being a culmination of environment first, biology second, and traits, or what my understanding of them was. I was not aware of Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic approach, or the correct definition of the trait theory prior to beginning this class. The psychoanalytic approach to personality defines the origins of personality as beingRead MorePsychoanalytic Theory And Depth Psychology1098 Words   |  5 Pagesversion of psychoanalytic theory and depth psychology. In your essay, show your understanding of key Freudian concepts 20 pts. (2 pages) Sigmund Freud’s primary version of psychoanalytical theory presented in the late 19th century is one that has withstood the tests of time; with just a few exceptions. Freud’s psychoanalytical theory which is comprised of many of Freud’s very unique and great theories like the tripartite mind, psychosexual developmental stages, and defense mechanisms gave insightRead MorePsychoanalytic Personality Assessment1107 Words   |  4 PagesPsychoanalytic personality assessment Introduction The psychoanalytic view states that there exist inner forces outside a persons awareness, which direct the persons behavior. Modern psychology has been impacted greatly by the psychoanalytic theories of Freud, Jung, and Adler. These three psychoanalysts proposed many concepts and their theories are still been attempted. Their human mind theories changed the world. The three believed that in personality shaping childhood development and parentingRead More250 Week 2 Psycho963 Words   |  4 PagesPsychoanalytic Personality Assessment In an attempt to understand the human psyche as it relates to personality, theorists such as Sigmund Freud, Carl G. Jung, and Alfred Adler all developed their theories to describe personality. To better understand the mentioned theorist’s beliefs it is necessary to compare and contrast the various psychoanalytic theories characteristics as well as to make mention of the portions that are agreeable or disagreeable. Also, the stages of Sigmund Freuds theory andRead MorePsychoanalytic and Phenomenological Explanations of Persistent Antisocial Criminal Behavior1695 Words   |  7 Pagesmay seem relatively easy and un-complex, countless people today are engaged in persistent antisocial, criminal behavior, and seem unable to find an alternative, legal, means of living. While many have tried to explain such behavior through various theories, the causes of criminal activity remain to be satisfactorily clarified. Essentially, antisocial criminal activity has two aspects to it. Anti social behavior is that in which one shuns society and others, while criminal activity is the act of performingRead MoreSigmund Freuds Psychoanalytic Therapy Is the Gage that Measures All Therapies747 Words   |  3 PagesModel Overview The psychoanalytic therapy was developed by Sigmund Freud. It is considered the foundation or modern day psychiatry, psychology, and counseling and is the gage by which all therapies have been measured. Psychoanalytic therapy consists largely of using methods to bring out unconscious thought that can be worked through. It focuses on childhood experiences that are analyzed though discussions that are reconstructed, and interpreted. The aim of the psychoanalytic therapy is to resolveRead MoreJane Is An Undergraduate Student At A Private University1723 Words   |  7 Pagesaverage, Jane has admitted to consuming alcohol roughly four days a week, despite consistently having classes, work, and other duties typically five days a week. The Psychoanalytic Approach Although sometimes controversial, a popular approach used to understand the workings of a personality is the psychoanalytic approach. The psychoanalytic approach was developed by Sigmund Freud, who argued that the brain had both conscious and unconscious thoughts, and that an individual needs to bring unconsciousRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Killers 1088 Words   |  5 PagesAnderson to appear and when he never did, they both left the diner. In order to understand the motives of the characters, we can use Sigmund Freud’s theory to unravel their behaviors. We can explain the characters’ behavior by using various concepts proposed by Freud, such as the personality structures (id, ego, and superego) and defense mechanisms. Al and Max looked almost the same. They were of the same size and dressed like twins. However, they had different personalities. Max was talkative, whileRead MoreFreud, Adler and Jung: Founders of Psychoanalytic Research Essay1645 Words   |  7 PagesFreud, Adler and Jung: Founders of Psychoanalytic Research Elizabeth R. Blight PSY/250 1/23/2013 Michelle Willis Introduction: There are three well-known influential thinkers who are considered to be pioneers in the field of psychology. It could be argued that without †¦., the emergence of psychology as we know it might not have ever happened, at least in its present form. Freud is considered by his modern-day counterparts to be the founding father of analytic psychology, as he isRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Generalized Anxiety Disorder Essay1660 Words   |  7 Pagesof and does not have immediate access to. This part of the personality is the most significant and the driving force of our behavior. Freud s psychoanalytic theory of personality proposes that one’s personality is the result of the interactions among its three core components: the id, ego, and superego. This theory, known as Freud s structural theory of personality, greatly emphasizes how psychological conflicts mold and shape our behavior and personality. Freud proposed that the id is the only

Essay on Police Officer Discretion - 1068 Words

Discretion of a police officer is the subject I would like to tackle. In this paper I will discuss the issues I have with the discretion, the problems with these discretions I have, and how some officers may use discretion to their advantage. By the conclusion of the paper the reader will be educated on the subject of discretion and the issues facing it. Discretion is defined by Pollock (2010) as, â€Å"having the authority to choose between two or more courses of behavior. Law enforcement professionals have a great deal of discretion regarding when to enforce the law, how to enforce it, how to handle disputes, when to use force, and so on. Every day is filled with decision-some minor, some major.† (p.198) When I look at this definition†¦show more content†¦Who is to stop these officers from taking these bribes, it is at their discretion anyway. I am sure there are solutions or programs that are in effect to help the department control these bribes, things such a s undercover officers out getting pulled over on purpose in order to be put in the situation to test the officers work ethic. Another issue with discretion is the fact that the police have the power to choose when, where, and who they want to use the discretion against. If an officer pulls over a man that is traveling 30 miles per hour over the speed limit, when the officer gets to the window and ask for the drivers ID, the driver then shows his badge. What is an officer to do? Should he cite the officer with a ticket? More the likely the officer will till the driver that he is putting him in a bad position allowing him to leave with a warning. I know that it is in the polices informal code to stick with other officers but where should the line be drawn. If that same driver had been speeding like that through a neighborhood and then hit the child this information could surface and make the whole department look bad. When these types of accidents happen the community will figh t against the police department claiming that theShow MoreRelatedPolice Discretion And Behavior Since Officers Essay1549 Words   |  7 PagesI decided to write my research essay on police discretion and behavior since officers often have to alter their power in order to make decisions. Discretion allows the officer the freedom to respond to a situation given by the law procedure. Thus it is vital that the police officer to know how to deal with certain situation when dealing with criminals since they have a substantial decision-making power. When discretion is implemented as a part of the police-public interaction then it must then itRead MorePolice Discretion1418 Words   |  6 PagesPolice discretion by definition is the power to make decisions of policy and practice. Police have the choice to enforce certain laws and how they will be enforced. Some law is always or almost always enforced, some is never or almost never enforced, and some is sometimes enforced and sometimes no t (Davis, p.1). Similarly with discretion is that the law may not cover every situation a police officer encounters, so they must use their discretion wisely. Until 1956, people thought of police discretionRead MorePolice Discretion: Necessary or Unfair? Essay1092 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Officer Discretion is defined as â€Å"the freedom to decide what should be done in a particular situation† (dictionary). Therefore, in the police department, the term â€Å"officer’s discretion† is one that allows a police officer to make a judgment call during several situations. It is an officer exercise that is used a lot more than citizens think. Officer Discretion is not something that can be explained in one simple definition. Officer discretion is variable, depending on the officer and theRead More Police Discretion Essay1354 Words   |  6 PagesPolice Discretion Police discretion by definition is the power to make decisions of policy and practice. Police have the choice to enforce certain laws and how they will be enforced. â€Å"Some law is always or almost always enforced, some is never or almost never enforced, and some is sometimes enforced and sometimes not† (Davis, p.1). Similarly with discretion is that the law may not cover every situation a police officer encounters, so they must use their discretion wisely. Until 1956, peopleRead MorePolice Discretion and Corruption Essay example1298 Words   |  6 PagesFine Line between Police Discretion and Corruption Abstract In today’s law enforcement agencies there is a fine line between discretion and corruption. Imagine that you are a police officer, you pull over a car that you suspect is driven by someone who has had too much to drink. Upon reaching the window you find that it’s an old friend from school. Do you take him to jail or do you take him home? Police officers have the power to make this decision. In the world of the officer this could be aRead MoreFactors That Affect Police Decision Making Essay1267 Words   |  6 PagesRunning head: FACTORS THAT AFFECT POLICE DECISION MAKING 1 Factors That Affect Police Decision Making Bridgette Clark Donald Drewry Policing 231 Park University 4 December 2016 FACTORS THAT AFFECT POLICE DECISION MAKING 2 Abstract Police discretion consists of a two part decision, whether to intervene and how best to intervene. FACTORS THAT AFFECT POLICE DECISION MAKING 3 Law enforcement is filled with decision makingRead MoreDiscretion Of A Police Official Essay1713 Words   |  7 PagesBy accepting the role as a police official, you have to use discretion. Discretion is defined as the availability of a choice of options or actions one can take in a situation. Discretion involves making a judgement and a decision to your best ability. Police discretion is exercised by performing the following actions: arresting; stop, question, or frisk; the use of physical and or deadly force; the documentation of traffic summons; investigating a crime; reporting a crime; and using certain enforcementRead MoreBeing A Police Officer Is A Daunting Task1108 Words   |  5 PagesBeing a police officer is a daunting task. The constant struggle between protecting life and property and maintaining order, all while acquiring the public’s trust. The implication of use of force, police brutality, misconduct, or racial profiling all undermine the public’s trus t. In order to improve the morale of the officers of these so called allegations, the use of body worn cameras are initiated in hopes of rebuilding the officer’s accountability and credibility. Body worn cameras are usedRead MorePolice Ethics Essay867 Words   |  4 PagesPolice Ethics Law Enforcement has been around since the beginning of man. The Code of Hammurabi, a book of 282 different codes, which specifically spelled out punishments for crimes, was followed back as early as 1700 B.C. (Geo Quest, Current Events, 00113492, 10/28/2005, Vol. 105, Issue 8) In the Bibles story of Adam and Eve, God cast Adam and Eve out of the Garden of Eden as a punishment for breaking the rules. (The Holy Bible: Genesis Ch.3) These types of historical records display theRead MoreFactors That Affect Police Decision Making Essay1100 Words   |  5 PagesTHAT AFFECT POLICE DECISION MAKING 3 Law enforcement is filled with decision making. Law enforcement leaders make critical operational decisions everyday. Decisions are made at the discretion of officers and no matter what the decision is, officers are questioned if it was the right one. Whether to intervene, and if the decision to intervene is made, and how best to intervene are parts of decision making made by a police officer. Deciding whether and how to intervene can take an officer in many different

Development and Impact of Mesopotamia and the Huang He River Valley free essay sample

Mesopotamia emulated ancient Chinese society in development, but its impact on future civilization was far greater than the Huang He valley. The early progressions of Tigris and Euphrates river valley societies allowed it to be known as the ‘cradle of civilization’ and build the first large-scale government. City-states such as Sumer existed in earliest Mesopotamia, but quickly government turned to imperial rule. There was a constant change in power because of Mesopotamia’s vulnerable location. Mesopotamians created the first system of writing, cuneiform, around 2900 B.C. Even earlier, Sumerians invented the wheel near 3500 B.C. Still, people of the Tigris and Euphrates River Valley learned of iron metallurgy and war chariots from the Indo-European group known as the Hittie. Mesopotamians were superior land and sea traders. The Phonecians dominated Mediterranean trade between the years of 1200 – 800 B.C., but already Sumerian ships had been built by 3500 B. C. Though development of civilization in the Huang He river valley began later, its advances nearly matched those of the Tigris and Euphrates river valley. We will write a custom essay sample on Development and Impact of Mesopotamia and the Huang He River Valley or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Like their Mesopotamian counterparts, some states of China are united in an empire for the first time. Because of its location in the Far East and on the China Sea, the Huang He river valley was invaded less frequently and so, entirely to the contrary of the Tigris and Euphrates valley, maintained a similar political structure for extensive eras at a time. The Chinese, too, studied the technology of Indo-Europeans, here from nomads in south China. Maritime trade developed at a slower pace in the Huang He valley than in Mesopotamia. There is evidence that oar-propelled crafted existed before 2000 B.C. Evermore, the aforementioned geographic isolation and deserts limited long-distance trade even over land. The impact of Mesopotamian thought and culture would substantially influence later societies. The invention of the wheel and carts by Sumerians will help long-distance travel (the Silk Roads, and much later, automobiles). The Phoenician alphabet will be the basis of many written lan guages including the modern English alphabet. The concept of monotheism by the Hebrews will be modeled by future world religions (Christianity, modern Judaism, Islam, Buddhism, and later, Hinduism). The Babylonians and Assyrians set examples of empires that will be popular in structure in Persia, Rome, and China. Sumerians began metallurgy as early as 4000 B.C., and it would make its way to regions like Egypt and China. The effects of the Huang He river valley civilization, conversely, would be less universal than Sumerian impressions. Zhou philosophies such as Confucianism were the prominent ways of thinking for all of classical China and thus inhibit the influence of Buddhism for a time. China will be organized politically into dynasties similar to Mesopotamian empires for centuries to come. Advanced sericulture will, like the Mesopotamians, promote long-distance trade and create reasoning for the Silk Roads. Defensive walls like those created at the Shang capital of Ao will becom e large-scale building projects in classical China (specifically the Great Wall of China) and popular in military strategy in other regions. Knowledge of bronze and iron metallurgy and domestication of the horse came from steppe nomads who traded in the Tigris and Euphrates valley. Iron in particular will give newer dynasties advantage over their predecessors and help to diminish Hun invasions.

Olaudah Equiano Narrative of a Black Slave Essay Sample free essay sample

The slave trade reached its tallness during the 17Thursdaycentury. European powers like England. Spain. and France bought slaves from Africa to work in plantations in the American continent. After slaves were sold to the colonial powers. they were held in ironss. They were placed in the bottom deck of the ship and forced to eat rat. soil. and even decomposing meat. Children were separated from their parents. For the most. grownup slaves were priced higher than kids because of the value of their labour power. Clearly. slaves were considered sub-human entities by the European powers. One West Indian slave. Olaudah Equiano wrote an autobiography detailing his experiences as a slave of the British Royal Navy. When the Seven Years War broke in the Americas. Equiano was assigned in the British Navy as a slave crewman. He was entitled to few properties and rights ( unlike other slaves Equiano was really good –educated ) . We will write a custom essay sample on Olaudah Equiano: Narrative of a Black Slave Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The captain of the ship where he was functioning had the right to sell him to another â€Å"master. † When he was sent to the field to work as a common slave. he asked the male monarch of England ( through a medium ) that he be sent to another captain of the Royal Navy. In a personal missive addressed to the male monarch of England. he detailed the conditions of the slaves in plantations ( he enumerated the conditions of the slaves in the plantations to expose the surpluss of British colonial functionaries and to an extent. elate the on the job conditions of the slaves ) . Here is a citation from Equiano depicting one of the conditions of slaves in the West Indies. â€Å"The Fe muzzle. thumb-screws. A ; c. . are so good known. as non to necessitate a description. and were sometimes applied for the slightest mistakes. I have seen a negro beaten till some of his castanetss were broken. for merely allowing a pot furuncle over. Is it surprising that use like this should drive the hapless animals to desperation. and do them seek a safety in decease from those immoralities which render their lives unbearable? † ( Equiano 34 ) . He said that the slaves were able to make their ain colonies by virtuousness of the jurisprudence ; that is. because slaves were considered sub-humans ( and possessing a different cultural background ) . they should hold their ain â€Å"home† ( racially sarcastic in kernel ) . Hence. note that in the United States today. some communities are preponderantly Afro-american since such communities developed out of colonial b lack colonies. Equiano’s narrative served as the focal point of the abolishment of the slave trade in the United States. Because of the elaborate description of Equiano. several US senators during the presidential term of Lincoln heeded the call of the slaves ; that is. the abolishment of the slave trade. That happened shortly before the terminal of the Civil War. Work Cited African History: The Trans Atlantic Slave Trade. hypertext transfer protocol: //africanhistory. about. com/library/weekly/aa080601a. htm [ February 7. 2007 ] Olaudah Equiano. The Interesting Narrative of the Lifeof Olaudah Equiano. or Gustavus Vassa. the African( London. 1789 ; vol. I ) .

Significance of Janes and Antoinettes dreams in Jane Eyre and Wide Sargasso Sea

Fashion Marketing-Brioni Essay Example

Fashion Marketing Fashion Marketing-Brioni Essay Fashion Marketing-Brioni Essay BRIONI HISTORY: Brioni is an Italian fashion house founded in 1945 by Nazareno Fonticoli and Gaetano Savini. In 1990,Umberto Angeloni became CEO of Brioni. It specialises in the sale of hand-made suits. Brioni’s first fashion show was held in 1952 at the Pitti Palace, Florence. The show gave the company world wide exposure. In 1954, the Brioni held the fashion show in New York City, followed by shows in eight other American cities. That year Brioni opened new shops on both sides of the Atlantic. MAIN COMPETITORS: Men’s wear: Ferragamo Ermenegildo Zegna Hugo Boss Giorgio Armani Gianni Versace According to the results of the 2011 Luxury Brand Status Index (LBSI) Brioni is the top men’s luxury fashion brand of the year. Women’s wear: Hugo boss Polo Ralph Lauren Zegna (Agnona) Hermes Prada Louis Vuitton KEY DATES: 1945 Brioni opens a tailor shop in Rome 1961 Brioni begins distribution to the United States 1978 Brioni opens its own tailoring school 1982 A retail shop is opened in New York 1990 Umberto Angeloni is named chief executive officer 1995 Pierce Brosnan, in the James Bond film Goldeneye, wears a Brioni suit 2002 Brioni opened its first two womens apparel stores in Milan and New York ESTABLISHMENT OF WOMEN’S LINE: (Donna Brioni): As Brioni prepared for the future, the esteem accorded to its brand name was as strong as ever. Although Angeloni consistently tempered any growth of the companys retail network by insisting the development of a retail chain was not in the companys future, the number of Brioni shops increased, nonetheless. In 2002, the company opened its first freestanding womens store in Milan followed by a second womens store in New York later that year. WOMEN’S LINE TEN YEARS ON: Brioni, known for its menswear announced in Q3 2011 that it has ended its women’s wear line, the fall/winter collection currently in stores being the last one. The women’s fashion show was scheduled for 25th September during Milan Fashion Week which was subsequently cancelled. Brioni’s women’s line has had a rocky history since launch, underperforming in most markets. Alessandro Dell’acqua was named creative Director for Brioni’s women line in May 2010. The Company has ended its contract with the creative director and also has closed its Brionis Italian plant in September 2011, which exclusively manufactured the women-wear collections. : The company’s decision to end its women’s line is motivated by its need to concentrate on its core business, men’s wear and accessories. There’s also news that PPR/Gucci group started negotiating a buyout of Brioni in July; however a deal is yet to be reached Bibliography: brioni. com luxuryinstitute. com fundinguniverse. com http://article. wn. com enotes. com elegant-lifestyle. com cpp-luxury. com

The comparative analysis of The Secret Life of Walter Mitty and The Essay

The comparative analysis of The Secret Life of Walter Mitty and The Necklace - Essay Example The comparative analysis of â€Å"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty† and â€Å"The Necklace† To begin with, James Thurber’s â€Å"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty† and Guy de Maupassant’s â€Å"The Necklace† have much in common thematically. Specifically, both of them examine relationships between a husband and a wife in a marriage. Even more, both stories center on roles played by major characters in marriage. For example, in â€Å"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty†, James Thurber creates a portrayal of a marriage which is not typical at all. The protagonist Mr Walter Mitty is husband to a woman who plays a dominant role. The way she acts may even be called authoritarian. Besides, she bears the burden of duties typical for a male partner in a marriage. In particular, Mr Mitty’s wife runs the house. In this context, whatever happens, Mrs Mitty behaves as if she was Mr Mitty’s boss. At the same time, Mr Mitty is treated as if he was of a considerably lower status. Having taken up Mr Mitty’s role, his wife acts in a manner t ypical for a man rather than a woman. Respectively, Walter performs the role of a woman in marriage, a child, or whatever Mrs Mitty thinks he is. To illustrate, once Mrs Mitty returns home from the hairdresser’s and meets Walter in a hotel, she pushes him in shoulder and addresses her husband in a rough manner not typical for a woman. Because of this, their conversation looks more like quarrelling. For instance, â€Å"Something struck his shoulder. â€Å"I've been looking all over this hotel for you,† said Mrs. Mitty. â€Å"Why do you have to hide in this old chair? How did you expect me to find you?† â€Å"Things close in,† said Walter Mitty vaguely. â€Å"What?† Mrs. Mitty said. â€Å"Did you get the what's-its-name? The puppy biscuit? What's in that box?† (Thurber, 2011) The foregoing example and other examples in the story allow claiming that Mr Mitty’s wife has such character traits that evidence her masculinity. Apparently, she is a kind of a woman that is not likely to be admired by men. Indeed, her masculinity and acting in a manlike manner would divert any typical male. On a similar note, one of the themes explored by Guy de Maupassant in â€Å"The Necklace† is relationship as well as gender roles within marriage. Yet, the contrasting point is that the woman in the marriage portrayed in the story is very feminine. Unlike Mr Mitty’s spouse, Mathilde is described as â€Å"beautiful† as well as â€Å"charming†, the one who longs to be adored by men. Evidently, this desire is the greatest motive to get expensive things. For example, in the story â€Å"She had no dresses, no jewelry, nothing. And she loved nothing else; she felt herself made for that only. She would so much have liked to please, to be envied, to be seductive and sought after† (Maupassant, 2011). Apart from this, Mathilde’s femininity is demonstrated by her excessive sensitivity and overwhelming emot ions. This adds up to her feminine image especially with the male-dominated world in the background. Also, both stories enjoy the common theme of escapism. To specify, in Thurber’s â€Å"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty†, escapism is the central theme. Walter Mitty is described as â€Å"a middle-aged, middle-class man who escapes from the routine drudgery of his suburban life